The objectives of the standard are to provide a common set of terminology and definitions for the documentation of digital geospatial data. The standard establishes the names of data elements and compound elements (groups of data elements) to be used for these purposes, the definitions of these compound elements and data elements, and information about the values that are to be provided for the data elements.
More info
Acronym: 

FGDC

Organization (owner / creator): 

Federal Geographic Data Committee

URL for more info: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/metadata/csdgm/